Kiln for burning bricks



(No Model.)

I. PLUMB.

KILN FOR BURNING BRICKS, TILES, 8m.

,397. Patented Apr. 21, 1885.

p I I 1 v xv liv vmron WITNESSES lwgppher. wmhmon. n c

FAWCETT PLUMB, OF

KlLN. EORBURNING ATENT Erica.

STREAT'OR, ILLINOIS.

BRICKS, T|LES,, 81.0.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316,397, dated April21,1885.

(N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FAWCETT PLUMB, of Streator, in the county of LaSalle and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Kilns; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to an improvement in kilns for burning bricks,tiles, 850., the object of the invention being to provide improved meansfor supplying coal to the combustionchambers of kilns; and with this endin view my invention consists in certain features of construction andcombinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed outin the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vlew in elevation of a kilnprovided with my improvement, and Fig. 2 is aview in vertical section ofa portion of the kiln.

A represents a kiln of any approved construction, having an enlargedbase, B, the upper portion of which forms an annular ledge, O,encircling the kiln. I

Within the ledge O, at any desired distance apart, are inserted thefuel-hoppers D, which are preferablyv made of cast-iron, withoutwardly-flaring sides a. The under side of each hopper is providedwith a bottom flange, b, on which rests the upper ends of the inclinedgrate-bars c, the lower ends of which rest upon a crossbar, d, securedatits ends in the brickwork. I may employ any improved construction ofgrate-bars, which may be stationary,or be provided with means forshaking and slicing the fuel for the removal of ashes and clinkerstherefrom.

WVithin the kiln are constructed the fines E, which are located in frontof the grate-bars and supported on the bottom F of the kiln.

Between the outer edge, e, of the bottom of the kiln and the lower endof the inclined grate-surface is an opening, f, through which theclinkers and ashes fall into the ash-pit g.

Fresh air is admitted through the openings h it above the ledge, andconducted through the passages t 2', which may be made of any desiredlength,within the wall of the kiln, and admitted to the upper end of theflue E, each one of the fines being furnished with an airsupply of thischaracter and construction. The air is heated in its passage through theheated wall of the kiln, and is then discharged into and commingled withthe gases flowing upwardly through the flue, thereby insuring a completecombustion of the gases before they escape into the interior of thekiln; also, air may be conveyed through pipes G, located in the ash-pitsand extending upwardly into the flues E. This arrangement of pipesinsuresa constant supply of heated air to the unconsumed gases andproducts of combustion.

In the operation of the kiln the several hoppers are filled with coal,which drops through the openings H in the bottom of the hoppers andaccumulates on the inclined grate-bars, forming a bed of fuel thereon.As the coal is consumed fresh coal will descend by its gravity, andthereby replenish the bed of fuel 011 the grate without necessitatingthe admission of outside air, as in the'ordinary construction of kilns,which tends tomaterially deaden the fire, and hence cause a great lossof heat. The ashes and clinkers areremoved from time to time through theopening f and dropped into the ash-pit. As the coal is ignited it burnsfrom the bottom of the magazine, and is first converted into gas andcoke. The gases escape inwardly and then upwardly through the fines E,fresh air being commingled therewith in the flues to supply thenecessary quantity of oxygen to insure complete combustion of the gasesbefore they enter the kiln.

A kiln thus constructed is, in effect, a baseburning kiln, it beingoperated on the principle of a base-burning furnace or heater.

Any number of hoppers may be located around the exterior of the kiln andsupply heat to the interior thereof forbaking tiling I or any otherarticles.

In view of the fact that the arrangement of hoppers and inclined.grate-surfaces renders the feed automatic or self-regulating, the laborof an attendant will be much less than is required to operate kilns asordinarily constructed, and'also a less amount of fuel will be required.

As it is evident that many changes in the construction and arrangementof parts might be resorted to without departing from the spirit of myinvention, I would have it understood that I do not restrict myself tothe exact construction and arrangement of parts fire-boxes andcommunicating with the vertishown and described; but cal flues above thefire-boxes.

Having fully described myinvention,whatI In testimony whereof I havesigned this claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters specificationin the presence of two subscrib- 5 Patent, is ing witnesses.

The combination with a kiln having an enlarged base,,of the verticalflues, the fire-boxes FAWGETT PLUMB' communicating with the verticalflues, the'air Witnesses: pipes entering the vertical flues below thefire- JOHN E. WILLIAMS, :0 boxes, and the air-flues located outside ofthe GEORGE GOULDING.

